Imagine cruising the open waters without constantly having to steer your boat or adjust your course. Marine autopilots make this dream a reality, offering boaters the freedom to enjoy their journey while maintaining a steady course.
In this article, we’ll dive into the world of marine autopilots, exploring what they are, their importance, how they work, and the different types available. We’ll also cover key features to look for and factors to consider when choosing the right autopilot for your boat.
Finally, we’ll offer some tips for using autopilots, answer some frequently asked questions, and provide recommendations for some of the best marine autopilots on the market.
What are Marine Autopilots?
Marine autopilots are advanced systems that automatically steer your boat, maintaining a preset course without the need for constant manual adjustments. These systems use sensors, computers, and actuators to make precise steering adjustments, ensuring your boat stays on course and giving you more time to relax and enjoy your time on the water.
Importance of Marine Autopilots for Boaters
Marine autopilots offer several benefits to boaters, including:
- Convenience: By maintaining a steady course, autopilots give you more time to focus on other aspects of boating, like navigation, fishing, or simply enjoying the view.
- Improved efficiency: Autopilots can make small adjustments more accurately than a human, leading to better fuel efficiency and less wear and tear on your boat’s steering system.
- Enhanced safety: Autopilots can help reduce fatigue and distraction, allowing you to remain vigilant and ready to react to any unexpected situations.
How do Marine Autopilots Work?
Marine autopilots use a combination of sensors, actuators, and a control unit to steer your boat on a predetermined course. Here’s a breakdown of how the system works:
- Input: The autopilot receives input from the user, such as a desired heading or waypoint, as well as data from various onboard sensors. These sensors can include GPS, compass, wind, and speed sensors, which provide real-time information on the boat’s position, speed, and environmental conditions.
- Processing: The control unit, which is essentially the autopilot’s “brain,” processes the input data and calculates the necessary adjustments to maintain the desired course. It considers factors like wind and current, boat speed, and any course changes needed to reach the destination.
- Output: The control unit sends commands to the actuators, which are responsible for physically adjusting the boat’s steering system. The actuators can be hydraulic, electric, or mechanical, depending on the type of autopilot and boat. These adjustments are made continuously to keep the boat on course.
- Feedback: The autopilot system constantly monitors the boat’s performance and adjusts its calculations accordingly. If the boat drifts off course, the system will recognize this and make the necessary adjustments to get back on track.
Types of Marine Autopilots
There are several types of marine autopilots available, each designed for specific types of boats and uses. Some common types include:
- Wheel pilots: These are designed for smaller boats with tiller or wheel steering systems. Wheel pilots are typically easy to install and are a popular choice for sailboats and smaller powerboats.
- Tiller pilots: Designed for boats with tiller steering systems, tiller pilots provide accurate course control and are popular among sailors due to their simplicity and ease of installation.
- Inboard autopilots: Inboard autopilots are integrated into the boat’s steering system and can be used with hydraulic, electric, or mechanical steering systems. They offer more precise control and are suitable for larger boats or boats with more complex steering systems.
Key Features to Look for in a Marine Autopilot
When choosing a marine autopilot, consider the following features:
- Compatibility: Ensure the autopilot is compatible with your boat’s steering system and any existing electronics, such as GPS or chartplotters.
- Ease of installation: Some autopilots are easier to install than others, so consider your skill level and whether you’ll need professional assistance.
- User interface: Look for an autopilot with a user-friendly interface, making it easy to input course settings and monitor performance.
- Reliability: Choose an autopilot from a reputable manufacturer known for producing reliable and durable products.
Using Marine Autopilots: Tips and FAQs
- Always maintain situational awareness while using an autopilot. Even with an autopilot engaged, it’s essential to remain vigilant and monitor your boat’s progress.
- Perform regular maintenance on your autopilot system, including checking connections, sensors, and software updates.
- Familiarize yourself with your autopilot’s features and functions to make the most of its capabilities.
FAQs
Q: Can I leave my boat unattended while the autopilot is engaged?
A: No, it’s not safe to leave your boat unattended while the autopilot is engaged. You must always be ready to take control if needed.
Q: Will an autopilot work in rough seas or strong winds?
A: Autopilots are designed to handle various conditions, but performance may be affected in extreme weather. It’s important to monitor your boat’s progress and be prepared to take control if necessary.
Q: Can I install a marine autopilot myself?
A: While some autopilots are easier to install than others, it’s always a good idea to consult a professional if you’re unsure about the installation process.
Q: Do marine autopilots work with sailboats?
A: Yes! Autopilots are available for both powerboats and sailboats, just make sure to choose one compatible with your boat’s steering system.
Best Marine Autopilots
List updated on March 26, 2023
1. Garmin Reactor 40 Hydraulic Autopilot
The Garmin Reactor 40 Hydraulic Autopilot is a compact autopilot system perfect for powerboats. Ideal for hydraulically steered systems, it provides relief from manually holding the wheel, particularly at moderate to high speeds. This autopilot boasts solid-state 9-axis AHRS technology that ensures a comfortable ride and reacts to sea conditions to maintain your course. With its easy installation, flexible mounting options, and quick calibration, you’ll be cruising in no time. When paired with a compatible Garmin chartplotter, you can control the autopilot from anywhere on your boat.
Key Features
- Compact hydraulic autopilot for powerboats
- Solid-state 9-axis AHRS technology for a comfortable ride
- Reacts to sea conditions to maintain course
- Minimal commissioning and calibration
- Full integration with Garmin electronics
- Optional Shadow Drive technology for automatic disengagement
- Flexible mounting options and power consumption
Pros
- Easy to install and calibrate
- Maintains course even in challenging sea conditions
- Provides relief from manually steering
- Flexible mounting options
- Compatible with Garmin chartplotters for seamless control
Cons
- Not suitable for boats larger than 25′ long
- Not recommended for fishing or low-speed trolling
We recommend pairing the Garmin Reactor 40 Hydraulic Autopilot system with the Garmin Reactor 40 SmartPump V2 for a complete, high-performance setup. The SmartPump V2 ensures optimal steering precision and efficiency, elevating your boating experience.
Another addon we’d recommend is the Garmin Reactor Autopilot Remote Control which is a perfect companion for Garmin autopilots. This wireless remote offers easy access to essential functions, enhancing convenience and control during your boating adventures.
2. Garmin Reactor 40 Kicker Autopilot
The Garmin Reactor 40 Kicker Autopilot is a trusty companion designed specifically for small gasoline boats up to 25 horsepower. This autopilot system helps you maintain your heading and stay on course even in tough conditions. The package includes a convenient floating handheld remote with a sunlight-readable display, allowing you to easily control throttle settings from anywhere on your boat. For an even better experience, you can combine it with a compatible Garmin chartplotter or opt for the GHC 50 or GMI 20 Display autopilot instrument bundle.
Key Features
- Designed for small gasoline outboard motors up to 25 HP
- Maintains heading hold and route for a steady course
- Floating handheld remote control with sunlight-readable display
- Compatible with Garmin chartplotters and GHC 50 autopilot instrument
Pros
- Perfect for small gasoline boats
- Easy to use and control
- Keeps you on course even in challenging conditions
- Remote control offers convenience and flexibility
- Compatibility with Garmin chartplotters and GHC 50
Cons
- May not be compatible with all boat brands or models
- Optional GHC 50/GMI 20 bundle is an additional expense
The Garmin GMI 20 Marine Control/Display is recommended to enhance your Garmin Reactor 40 Kicker Autopilot system, providing a seamless user interface and better control over the system. It offers essential data monitoring and easy integration with other Garmin devices.
3. Garmin Reactor 40 Hydraulic Corepack with SmartPump v2
The Garmin Reactor 40 Hydraulic Corepack with SmartPump v2 is a game-changing autopilot system designed for both powerboats and sailboats. This advanced marine technology offers an incredibly responsive and smooth autopilot performance. With its solid-state 9-axis AHRS, you can mount the Reactor 40 in any orientation, and its patented Shadow Drive technology ensures you remain in control even when the autopilot is engaged. The brushless SmartPump v2 is compact, reliable, and compatible with most hydraulically steered boating applications, making installation a breeze.
Key Features
- Solid-state 9-axis Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS)
- Minimal commissioning and calibration
- One-size-fits-most, brushless SmartPump v2
- Patented Shadow Drive technology
- Full integration with Garmin chartplotters
Pros
- Mounts in any orientation
- Minimal heading error and power consumption
- Easy commissioning and calibration
- SmartPump v2 fits most applications
- Seamless integration with Garmin chartplotters
Cons
- Requires a compatible Garmin chartplotter
- Optional features like Auto Guidance need separate purchase of BlueChart g2 Vision charts
We recommend the Garmin GPSMAP 8612xsv, a 12-inch multi-touch widescreen chartplotter/sonar combo that will perfectly complement the Garmin Reactor 40 Hydraulic Corepack with SmartPump v2. This chartplotter features built-in support for Garmin’s premium sonars and preloaded BlueChart g3 coastal charts and LakeVü g3 inland maps. It also offers full integration with the Reactor 40 autopilot system for a seamless and efficient boating experience.
4. Simrad NAC-3 Core Pack with Rudder Feedback
The Simrad NAC-3 Core Pack is an excellent autopilot system designed for boats over 10 meters (35 feet) in length. This pack includes the NAC-3 autopilot computer, Precision-9 compass, and RF25 rudder feedback, along with necessary cabling and connectors. Ideal for high-current drive pumps, mechanical drives, hydraulic linear drives, and solenoid valves, this pack offers multiple control options and easy installation with Virtual Rudder Feedback (VRF) technology.
Key Features
- Core autopilot system components
- Suitable for outboard and I/O boats over 10 meters (35 feet)
- Compatible with various drive types
- Multiple control options
- VRF technology simplifies installation
- Easy setup with auto-tuning and compass calibration
Pros
- Comprehensive autopilot system for larger boats
- Easy installation and setup with VRF technology
- Multiple control options, including dedicated controllers and multifunction displays
- Compatible with a wide range of drive types
- Automatic tuning and compass calibration
Cons
- Not suitable for smaller boats
- May require additional components (drive unit and controller)
The Simrad AP48 Rotary Autopilot Head is an excellent addition to the Simrad NAC-3 Core Pack, providing intuitive control and a large rotary dial for precise steering adjustments. Its dedicated dodge keys and optically bonded 4.1-inch display ensure optimal visibility and ease of use. Enhance your autopilot experience with this essential accessory.
The Simrad TP10 Tillerpilot is another vital accessory for Simrad Autopilot Systems, offering enhanced precision and convenience for smaller sailboats. Don’t miss this valuable upgrade for a better sailing experience.
5. Simrad NAC-2 Autopilot Core Pack
The Simrad NAC-2 Autopilot Core Pack is perfect for smaller vessels up to 10 meters (33 feet) in length. This pack includes the NAC-2 autopilot computer, Precision-9 compass, RF25N rudder feedback unit, and a NMEA 2000 starter kit. Designed for use with low-current hydraulic drives, mechanical drives, and solenoid valves, it provides multiple control options and easy installation. Get your boat on course with this reliable, efficient autopilot system.
Key Features
- Core autopilot components
- Ideal for boats up to 10 meters (33 feet)
- Compatible with various drive types
- Multiple control options
- Easy setup and installation
Pros
- Designed specifically for smaller vessels
- Comprehensive autopilot system
- Multiple control options, including dedicated controllers and multifunction displays
- Easy installation and setup with plug-and-play connectors
- Automatic tuning and compass calibration
Cons
- Not suitable for larger boats
- Additional components (drive unit and controller) required
6. Raymarine EV-150 Power Pilot
The EV-150 Power Pilot is a fantastic autopilot solution for small to medium powerboats with hydraulic steering. It’s perfect for boats with single-engine outboards or inboards. This system combines the intelligent EV-1 sensor core and ACU-150 actuator control unit for precise autopilot control. It includes a Type 1 hydraulic autopilot pump that’s compatible with various hydraulic steering cylinder capacities. The complete package comes with a p70Rs control head, ACU-150, EV-1 heading sensor, and a 12 Volt Type 1 hydraulic pump. Upgrading your existing Type 1 hydraulic drive is a breeze with this kit!
Key Features
- Hassle-free setup and calibration
- Intelligent 9-axis EV-1 sensor core
- Exclusive Raymarine Hydro-Balance technology
- Precise steering for fuel savings and faster trips
- Suitable for hydraulic steering systems with 4.9-14.0 cubic inch capacity
Pros
- Easy installation and calibration process
- Smart, adaptive autopilot system for smooth sailing
- Enhanced fuel efficiency and quicker arrivals
- Works with a variety of hydraulic steering systems
- Perfect for small to medium powerboats
Cons
- Not suitable for larger boats
- Limited compatibility with non-hydraulic steering systems
7. Raymarine EV-100 p70 Wheel Pilot Pack
The Raymarine EV-100 p70 Wheel Pilot Pack is a complete autopilot solution for wheel-steered sailboats. Perfect for DIY installations, this externally mounted drive attaches directly to your boat’s steering wheel spokes. The system uses the intelligent EV-1 sensor core and ACU-100 actuator control unit for precision autopilot control. You can choose between the P70s control head or a Raymarine Axiom chartplotter for full autopilot control. Ideal for sailboats with a displacement of up to 16,500 lbs (7,500kg).
Key Features
- Suitable for wheel-steered sailboats up to 16,500 lbs displacement
- Designed for cockpit installations
- SeaTalkNG/NMEA2000 networking compatibility
- No complicated setup or calibration required
- Intelligent 9-axis EV-1 sensor core
- Precision monitoring for adaptive autopilot performance
- Waterproof housing for flexible installation options
Pros
- Easy installation for DIY enthusiasts
- Adapts to changing sea conditions and vessel dynamics
- Compatible with a variety of wheel-steered sailboats
- No calibration needed for hassle-free setup
- Flexible installation options with waterproof housing
Cons
- Not suitable for non-wheel-steered sailboats
8. Raymarine EV-100 p70 Tiller Pilot Pack
The Raymarine EV-100 p70 Tiller Pilot Pack is an ideal solution for tiller-steered sailboats. Designed for DIY installations, it mounts easily in the cockpit, attaching to the tiller. The system uses the intelligent EV-1 sensor core and ACU-100 actuator control unit for precise autopilot control. The pack includes a p70 control head, and it’s compatible with Raymarine Axiom chartplotters for complete autopilot control.
Key Features
- Suitable for tiller-steered sailboats up to 13,200 lbs displacement
- Cockpit installation design
- Tiller drive unit is easily removable and storable
- SeaTalkNG/NMEA2000 networking compatibility
- No complicated setup or calibration required
- Intelligent 9-axis EV-1 sensor core
- Precision monitoring for adaptive autopilot performance
- Waterproof housing for flexible installation options
Pros
- Easy DIY installation for tiller-steered sailboats
- Adapts to changing sea conditions and vessel dynamics
- Compatible with various tiller-steered sailboats
- No calibration needed for hassle-free setup
- Flexible installation options with waterproof housing
Cons
- Designed specifically for tiller-steered sailboats only
9. Raymarine i70 System Pack
Buy Stand-Alone System on Amazon
Buy for Existing N2K System on Amazon
The Raymarine i70 System Pack offers a sleek, easy-to-use, and powerful instrument designed to display essential navigation and instrument data. This pack is available in two options: Stand-Alone System and for Existing N2K Systems. Both options feature a 4-inch LCD screen with superb clarity and Lighthouse user interface for a seamless navigation experience. The i70 System Pack integrates with SeaTalk and NMEA2000 marine networks, providing customizable digital, analog, and graphical displays for depth, speed, wind, and more.
Key Features
- Large 4-inch LCD screen
- Lighthouse user interface
- Integration with SeaTalk and NMEA2000 marine networks
- Customizable data views
- AIS repeater functionality
- Transducer connectivity
- SeaTalkNG, NMEA2000, and SeaTalk network compatibility
Pros
- Easy-to-use interface with customizable data views
- Excellent visibility with a large, bright display
- Flexible network compatibility for seamless integration
- AIS repeater for viewing nearby vessel targets
- Low power consumption and compact design
Cons
- Separate packs for stand-alone and existing N2K systems may cause confusion
- May require additional accessories or adapters for full integration
10. Raymarine ST1000 and ST2000 Tiller Pilots
The Raymarine ST1000 and ST2000 Tiller Pilots are self-contained autopilot systems designed for tiller-steered sailboats. Both models feature a durable housing with an electric linear drive, precision fluxgate compass, and an easy-to-use control panel. The ST1000 is suitable for boats up to 6,600lbs, while the ST2000 is perfect for vessels up to 10,000lbs. They can be used as standalone autopilots or integrated with SeaTalk/NMEA GPS, ensuring safe and easy navigation.
Key Features
- Self-contained, removable autopilot systems for tiller-steered boats
- Durable housing with electric linear drive and precision fluxgate compass
- Quick mounting and connect/disconnect system for seamless transitions between hand-steering and autopilot control
- Built-in SeaTalk networking for seamless communication with other instruments
- AutoTack mode and AutoSeastate for efficient course keeping
- Clear backlit LCD and 6-button keypad
Pros
- Easy installation and removal for flexible use
- Compatible with various onboard instruments and GPS systems
- AutoTack and AutoSeastate features for efficient navigation
- User-friendly control panel with clear LCD display
- Two models available to accommodate different boat sizes
Cons
- May require additional accessories for optimal functionality
- Power consumption may still be a concern for extended trips
Final Thoughts
Marine autopilots offer a range of benefits for boaters, including improved efficiency, enhanced safety, and the ability to focus on other aspects of boating. By understanding how they work and considering key features, you can choose the right autopilot for your boat and enjoy a more relaxed and enjoyable experience on the water. Remember to always stay vigilant and maintain situational awareness while using an autopilot, as well as perform regular maintenance to keep your system in top condition. With the right marine autopilot, you’ll be able to maximize your time on the water and make the most of your boating adventures. Fair winds and following seas, friends!